Spice	Appearance	Color	Taste	Texture	Odor
Black Pepper	Small, round, wrinkled berries	Dark brown to black	Pungent, hot, slightly earthy	Hard and bumpy	Strong, peppery, aromatic
Cinnamon	Thin, curled bark (sticks) or powder	Light brown	Sweet, warm, slightly spicy	Powdery or fibrous (sticks)	Sweet, woody, aromatic
Cumin	Small, elongated seeds	Brown to yellowish	Warm, earthy, slightly bitter	Hard and ridged	Pungent, earthy, aromatic
Turmeric	Bright orange-yellow powder or root	Bright yellow	Earthy, bitter, peppery	Powdery or fibrous (root)	Mild, earthy, somewhat musty
Cloves	Small, dried flower buds	Dark brown to black	Strong, sweet, and pungent	Hard, sharp, and woody	Strong, sweet, aromatic
Cardamom	Small pods or powder	Green, brown (pods), pale yellow (seeds)	Sweet, spicy, floral	Soft (pods), powdery (seeds)	Sweet, floral, aromatic
Ginger	Thick, knotted rhizomes or powder	Light brown (fresh), yellow (dried)	Spicy, pungent, sweet	Fibrous (fresh), powdery (dried)	Warm, spicy, citrusy
Nutmeg	Small, hard seed (whole) or powder	Brown (whole) or beige (powder)	Sweet, warm, slightly nutty	Hard (whole), powdery (ground)	Warm, sweet, slightly spicy
Paprika	Ground spice from dried peppers	Red to deep orange	Sweet, smoky, mild to hot	Powdery	Sweet, smoky, sometimes pungent
Chili Powder	Ground spice blend (chili + other spices)	Red	Hot, pungent, slightly smoky	Powdery	Pungent, spicy, sometimes smoky

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